AC Buying Guide: Finding the Right System for Houston’s Climate

Living through a Houston summer is no easy task. With temperatures frequently surpassing 100°F and humidity levels averaging 75%, the climate poses unique challenges for keeping homes cool and comfortable. Having an AC system that’s up for the job is crucial.

But with so many types of air conditioning systems on the market, how do you determine what’s best for your home? The climate, size and layout of your house, energy efficiency goals, and budget all come into play. This AC buying guide examines the pros, cons and key factors to consider when searching for the ideal cooling system for Houston homes.

Central vs Window: Comparing AC Unit Types

The first decision to make is whether to go for central air conditioning or window units. Central air provides whole-home cooling, while window ACs are a more affordable way to cool individual rooms. Here’s an overview of both:

Central Air Conditioning

Central air conditioning (or central A/C) circulates cooled air through ductwork throughout the home. The main components include:

• Outdoor condenser unit – Contains the compressor, condenser coil and fan.
• Indoor air handler unit – Houses the evaporator coil and blower fan to circulate air.
• Ductwork – Pipes or vents that deliver cooled air and return warm air back to the A/C unit.

With central air, you can set a consistent temperature throughout the house. Zoned systems with multiple thermostats allow custom comfort in different areas.

Pros:

• Whole-home cooling
• Consistent temperatures
• Zoning options
• Greater efficiency than window units

Cons:

• More expensive upfront cost
• Installation disruptions
• Requires ductwork
• Repairs can be costly

Window Air Conditioners

As the name suggests, window ACs are self-contained units installed in a window opening. The component parts are enclosed in a box that vents hot air to the outside while delivering cooler air to the interior.

Window units come in a range of BTU capacities suited for different room sizes. BTUs (British Thermal Units) indicate the cooling power.

Pros:

• Lower upfront cost
• Easy DIY installation
• Good for supplemental cooling
• Individual temperature control

Cons:

• Only cool the room they’re installed in
• Can be noisy
• Block natural light and views
• Less energy efficient overall

For Houston’s climate, central air is usually the best option for keeping an entire home comfortable. Well-designed and properly sized central A/C systems offer greater efficiency and control.

Window units work well for supplemental cooling in hot spots or rooms that need extra cooling power. For example, a sun-facing bedroom that gets warmer than the rest of the house. Strategically placed window ACs can help reduce the central system’s workload.

Types of Central AC Systems

Once you decide on central air conditioning, the next choice is the type of system. The main options include:

Split Systems

Split system air conditioners have an outdoor condenser/compressor and a separate indoor evaporator coil and air handler unit. They require refrigerant lines to connect the external and internal sections.

This is the most common central air system type in Houston homes. Split systems efficiently cool multiple rooms through ductwork. Various configurations exist:

• Conventional: The air handler and evaporator coil are combined in one cabinet found inside the house or attic.
• Evaporator Coil: Separates the coil from the blower unit for more flexible installation. Allows placing the coil in the attic while keeping the fan system inside.
• Ductless Mini-Split: Ductless mini-split systems have an outdoor compressor that connects to one or multiple wall-mounted indoor evaporator units. Each indoor unit has its own thermostat for zoned comfort control. No ductwork is required.

Packaged Systems

Packaged air conditioners combine the evaporator, compressor and condenser coils in one outdoor cabinet. They connect to an indoor air handler unit and ductwork.

Packaged systems are less common for whole-home use but frequently seen in commercial buildings. They have a larger footprint than split systems.

Hybrid Split Systems

Hybrid systems include an air conditioner paired with a gas furnace for both heating and cooling. The gas furnace handles heating needs in winter while the AC provides summer cooling.

This type of split system offers homeowners a dual function HVAC system. It’s an efficient option in Houston’s relatively mild winters.

When selecting an AC system type, consider efficiency ratings, operating costs, installation requirements and overall functionality for your home. Consulting an HVAC professional is advised.

Air Conditioner Efficiency Ratings

Central air conditioner efficiency is measured by Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) and Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER). The higher these numbers, the more energy efficient the AC unit.

• SEER – Stands for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio. This measures efficiency across an entire cooling season. A higher SEER rating translates to lower electricity costs.
• EER – Denotes Energy Efficiency Ratio. This measures efficiency at peak conditions (95°F outdoor temp). A higher EER indicates the AC can maintain cooling on extremely hot days.

Air conditioners are also rated by EER. The higher the EER, the more efficient the unit.

Here are the minimum federal efficiency standards in the U.S.:

• Split System ACs: 13 SEER / 10.8 EER
• Packaged ACs: 14 SEER / 11 EER

Top AC units on the market today typically range from 16-21 SEER. Models with variable speed compressors can reach up to 26 SEER.

In Houston’s climate, investing in the highest SEER and EER rated system possible is key to offsetting heavy cooling demands and rising energy prices.

Air Conditioner Sizing

Properly sizing your central air conditioning system for your home’s square footage is crucial for comfort, efficiency and equipment longevity. Oversized AC units cycle on and off frequently, preventing adequate moisture removal. Undersized systems run constantly but can’t keep up on hot days.

To size an AC unit, you need to calculate the home’s cooling load – the amount of heat gain it experiences. The main factors that impact cooling load are:

• Square footage
• Number of floors
• Window area and sun exposure
• Insulation levels
• Number of occupants
• Local climate conditions

Online AC calculators can provide general sizing estimates based on square footage and local climate data. For the most accurate result, have an HVAC professional perform a detailed cooling load calculation for your home. This accounts for all the unique variables that impact your specific heating/cooling needs.

As a rule of thumb, here are the general cooling capacities recommended for Houston’s climate:

• 1,000 – 1,800 sq ft home: 2 – 2.5 ton AC
• 1,800 – 2,500 sq ft home: 2.5 – 3 ton AC
• 2,500 – 4,000 sq ft home: 3 – 5 ton AC
• 4,000+ sq ft home: 5+ ton AC

Oversizing your unit by 1 ton is generally better than going undersized. Install variable speed compressors and multiple zones to improve moisture control and efficiency if going above guidelines.

Added AC Features to Consider

Beyond basics like efficiency ratings and sizing, certain features help boost performance, convenience and comfort:

• Programmable thermostat – Allows customizing the cooling schedule and temperature settings. Smart thermostats add app control and automated adjustments.
• Zoned comfort control – Achieve personalized temps in different areas with multi-zone systems.
• Variable speed compressor – Varying compressor speeds optimize moisture removal and efficiency.
• Smart/connected technology – Monitor energy use, control the system remotely, get maintenance alerts and more.
• Humidistat – Automated humidity monitoring helps maintain ideal moisture levels.
• UV lights – Installed in the ductwork, UV lights kill mold, bacteria and viruses.
• High-efficiency air filters – Filters like MERV 13 remove more allergens, smoke, dust and pet dander.

Consider how these types of features align with your priorities – whether energy savings, custom comfort, air quality, convenience or health benefits.

Hiring an HVAC Contractor

Installing or replacing your home’s AC system is a major investment. Finding an experienced, licensed contractor you can trust is key.

Here are tips for choosing the right HVAC company:

• Look for licensed technicians with NATE or HVAC Excellence certification.
• Ask for local referrals and check online reviews.
• Get at least 3 quotes for comparison.
• Verify they do load calculations, don’t just estimate.
• Choose a contractor who sizes systems conservatively.
• Ask about their maintenance plans and warranties.
• Request a detailed written estimate before work begins.
• Confirm they will obtain the proper permits and meet local codes.

Taking the time to find a reputable, qualified HVAC company ensures your air conditioning project goes smoothly from start to finish.

Prioritize Efficiency and Quality for the Long Term

Houston’s long, humid summers demand the highest efficiency and most robust AC systems possible. Focus on SEER ratings, matched sizing, and features like zoned control for the best comfort and energy savings. A variable speed compressor optimized for humidity removal is ideal.

While upfront system costs are a factor, also consider the long-term costs of operation, maintenance, and repairs. A top-of-the-line unit with a great warranty often proves the wisest and most cost-effective investment in the long run.

Working with a trustworthy local HVAC company to select the right system for your home’s needs is key to staying cool in Houston’s climate. With some strategic planning and expert help, you can beat the heat and keep energy costs affordable.

For additional guidance or to request a free estimate for a new AC system, contact the experts at Turbo Home Services at (281) 626-5938 or visit https://turbohomeservices.com. With 20+ years of experience installing and servicing air conditioning systems, we can determine the ideal solution for your home.